Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi

Acknowledgments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii

Introduction
      Organization of This Book. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
      Special Note about Geographical References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv

Chapter 1: Galicia: Its History and Jewish Life
      Brief Geopolitical History of Galicia and Its Territory. . . . . . . . . .1
             1768-1795 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
             1795-1918 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
             1918-Present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
             Krakow: Special Status. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
      Jewish Life in Galicia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
             Socioeconomic Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
             Jews and the Liquor Trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
             Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
             Language. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
             Population and Emigration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
             Jews as Town and City Dwellers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
             Organization of the Jewish Community. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
             Taxes on Jews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
             Jewish Religious Observance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
             Marriage As the Cornerstone of Jewish Society . . . . . . . . . . 12
             Surname Acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Chapter 2: Jewish Vital Records
      Historical Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
      Present-Day Organization and Location of Vital Records . . . . . . . . . 17
             Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
             Background: Fate of Eastern Galician Vital Records. . . . . . . . 17
             Background: Fate of Western Galician Vital Records. . . . . . . . 18
             What Do the Records Look Like?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
      Where to Find Vital Records for Eastern Galicia. . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
      Where to Find Vital Records for Western Galicia. . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
      Holdings of the LDS (Mormon) Family History Library  . . . . . . . . . . 36

Chapter 3: Information in Sources Other Than Vital Records
      Strategies for Finding Information in Sources Other Than Vital Records . 38
      Census Documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
      Notary Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
      School Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
      Military Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
      Holdings of Specific Repositories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
             Ivano-Frankovsk Archives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
             Ukraine Central State Historical Archives in Lviv . . . . . . . . 42
             YIVO Institute for Jewish Research. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
             Central Archives for the History of the Jewish People . . . . . . 45
             Jewish National and University Library. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
             Jewish Historical Institute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Chapter 4: Holocaust-Related Sources
      Yizkor Books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
      JewishGen Yizkor Book SIG. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
      Pinkas Hakehillot. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
      Sources for Yizkor Books and Pinkas Hakehillot . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
      National Yiddish Book Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
      Holocaust-Related Institutions and Collections . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
             Yad Vashem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
             U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
                   Ukraine, Record Group 31. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
                   Poland, Record Group 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
                   Specific Town Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
      Other Holocaust-Related Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
      Accounts of the Holocaust in Galician Towns and Cities . . . . . . . . . 58
      January 1940: Radiogram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Chapter 5: Other Books and Resource Materials
      General References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
      Jewish References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
      General Historical References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
      Jewish Historical References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
      Geography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
      Biographical Compilations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
      Socioeconomic References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
      Historical Travel Guides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
      Modern Travel Guides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
      Bibliographic Aids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
      Language Aids. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
      Pre-World War I Directories. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
      Art. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
      Photo Collections and Video Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
      Geography and Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
             U.S. Library of Congress and National Archives Resources. . . . . 69

Chapter 6: Additional Resources
      World Wide Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
             JewishGen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
             Gesher Galicia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
             Sites by Individuals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
      Organizations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
             Jewish Preservation Committee of Ukraine. . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
             New Cracow Friendship Society . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
             þnyatyn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
             Judaic Studies in Krak¢w. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
      Translators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
      Research Services and Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
      Postcards from Ukraine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Chapter 7: Travel Tips and Notes
      Poland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
      Ukraine  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
             First-hand Reports on Travel in Ukraine . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
                   Visiting Ancestral Towns in Ukraine: A Report by Miriam Weiner76
                   Recent Travel in Ukraine by Susan Gelber Cannon . . . . . . 79
                   Another Brief Travel Saga by William Fern . . . . . . . . . 80

Chapter 8: Indexes to Selected Books and Collections
      Town Name Index to Pinkas Hakehillot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
      Town Name Index to Le Toledot ha-Kehillot be Polin . . . . . . . . . . . 83
      United States Passenger Lists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
      United States State Department Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
      State Department Records Reveal Eighty-Year-Old Family Drama by Saul Lindenbaum85

Chapter 9: Notes about Particular Towns
      Eastern Galicia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
      Western Galicia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Appendix A: Pronouncing and Recognizing Your Polish Town and Family Names
      Polish Pronunciation Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
      Rules of Polish Grammar Useful for Genealogists. . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

Appendix B: Sample Letter to Polish Archives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
      Polish Date Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Appendix C: Synagogues and Cemeteries
      Surveys of Polish Jewish Cemeteries and Synagogues . . . . . . . . . . .100
      Eastern Galicia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100
      Western Galicia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101

Appendix D: Examples of Vital Records
      Galician Documents in the 18th and 19th Centuries. . . . . . . . . . . .105

Appendix E: United States Government Sources
      U.S. State Department Records: Protection of Interests of
             U.S. Citizens in the Decimal File (RG59). . . . . . . . . . . . .110
      U.S. Emergency Passport Applicants, 1919þ26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110

Appendix F: Documents about Krak¢w Jews: 18th and 19th Centuries
      Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .122
      Records of Births, Marriages and Deaths. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123
      Censuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123
      Central Archives for the History of the Jewish People. . . . . . . . . .124
      Jewish Historical Institute. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124
      National Archives in Krakow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124
      Selected Books on the History of Krak¢w Jewry. . . . . . . . . . . . . .124

Appendix G: Galician Towns and Administrative Districts Where Jews
		Lived in 1877. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126

Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182



Index to Towns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .184

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