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Winner: Best Judaica Reference Book (2002) by Association of Jewish Libraries. At last! A guide to researching Sephardic ancestry. In this profusely documented work, Malka explains how to trace Sephardic ancestry through archives as ancient as 12th century Spanish notarial records or as recent as today's country repositories. Taking us on a journey traversing environments as diverse as the Amazon Basin or the Ottoman Empire, the author discusses Sephardic history, their various diasporas and where to find their records. The origins of Sephardic surnames and clues derived from their origins and meanings are clearly explained and an extensive bibliography is provided for additional study.
This book opens a fascinating world most of us are not sufficiently familiar with. An absolute must on any genealogist's bookshelf!
7" x 10" 384 pp. hardcover $45.00
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About the Author
Jeffrey S. Malka, M.D., is author of the award-winning website Resources for Sephardic Genealogy. Asked in 2001 by JewishGen, the Internet site for Jewish genealogy, to develop its SefardSIG section, he created both the SefardSIG and KahalLinks websites, which he continues to develop and enhance. Dr. Malka is author of several articles on Sephardic genealogy in Etsi, the journal of the Sephardi Genealogical and Historical Society, and is author of several chapters in the forthcoming Avotaynu Guide to Jewish Genealogy.
Descended from a long line of Sephardic rabbis, Dr. Malka's grandfather was chief rabbi of Sudan from 1906 to 1949. In researching his own family roots, Dr. Malka has accumulated unique expertise in the resources available to Sephardic genealogists. In Sephardic Genealogy: Discovering Your Sephardic Ancestry and Their World, he guides the reader through the history of the Sephardim, describes the origins and meanings of common Sephardic family names, and lists genealogical resources available in the many countries that Sephardic Jews inhabited.
A retired orthopedic surgeon, Dr. Malka, an Associate Professor of Orthopaedic surgery at Georgetown University, was chairman of the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery at Inova Fairfax Hospital in Virginia. |
List of Illustrations xii
List of Tables xii
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xv
Overview 1
PART I A LITTLE HISTORY 3
1. Who Are the Sephardim? 5
2. Brief History of the Jews of Spain and Portugal 14
Early Jewish Presence in Spain 14
Early History (to 711 C.E.) 15
The Moors (711-1492) 16
The Golden Age (10th-11th Centuries) 17
Christian Spain (12th-15th Centuries) 19
Conversos and Expulsion (12th-15th Centuries) 20
Spanish Inquisition (15th-19th Century) 22
Portugal's Expulsion 24
After the 1492 Expulsion 24
3. Spanish Diaspora 28
1492 Exodus 29
New Christians or Crypto-Jews? 30
4. Andalusian-Moroccan Jewish Universe 32
Jewish Presence in Morocco 33
Population Exchanges 35
Linguistic Groups 37
Berbers and Jews 38
Jews of Morocco 39
Foundation of the Golden Age of Spain 40
5. Jews under Islamic Rule 42
Islam's View of the World 43
Jews and Moslems 44
6. Jews in Holland 46
Background 46
Brief History 47
Aliases 51
7. Amazon Journey 52
Indiana Jones Meets Tangier Moshe 52
Migration Patterns 52
The Amazon 53
Family Names 54
Suggested Reading 55
8. Geonim 56
First Millennium C.E. 56
Babylonia 56
Geniza 57
Jewish Babylonia 57
The Exilarch 58
Babylonian Academies 58
The Gaon 59
9. Sephardic Languages 61
Hebrew 61
Arabic 63
Judeo-Spanish and Ladino 65
French 70
Berber and Judeo-Berber 71
10. Evolution of Sephardic Names 73
Biblical Era 73
Babylonian Era 75
Roman and Christian Eras 76
Spanish names 76
Patronymics 78
Jewish Names 78
Individual Names 79
Common Sephardic Naming Conventions 80
Spelling and Acculturation 81
PART II GENEALOGY BASICS 85
11. How to Get Started 87
Begin with What You Know 87
Record Your Sources 88
Next Steps 89
How to Interview Effectively 91
Precautions 92
Logs 93
Learn Your History 93
Ethics 94
Suggested Reading 94
12. Sephardic Genealogy 95
Resources Common to Sephardim and Ashkenazim 95
Unique Sephardic Resources 96
13. Organizing and Documenting Records 100
Suggested Filing System for Your Documents 100
Forms and Summary Sheets 101
Documenting Sources 101
Preserving History for Posterity 103
14. Computers and the Internet 104
E-mail 104
Newslists 105
Websites 106
Limitations of the Internet 107
Internet Security and Privacy 107
15. Genealogy Software 108
16. Calendars and Date Conversions 112
Calendars 112
Conversion Tools 114
17. Periodicals 116
Genealogy Periodicals 116
Academic Periodicals on Sephardim 117
General Sephardic Periodicals 117
Selected Avotaynu articles 118
Selected Etsi articles 126
Selected Revue du Cercle de Généalogie Juive articles 129
PART III COUNTRY RESOURCES 133
18. Spain 135
Spanish Inquisition 135
Repositories with Inquisition Documents 137
Inquisition in the New World 139
Archivo General de Indias (A.G.I.) 140
Notarial and Church Archives 141
Catholic Church Records 142
Ministerio de Cultura ID 142
Suggested Reading 143
19. Morocco 146
Archives 146
Foreign Connections 148
Vital Records 149
Jewish Community 149
Ketubot 150
Cemeteries 150
Suggested Reading 150
20. Algeria 159
Archives 159
Naturalization Applications 161
Jewish Cemeteries 161
Place Names 161
Suggested Reading 163
21. Tunisia 165
Brief History 165
Grana Community of Tunis 166
Archives 167
Foreign Connections 167
Tunisia 167
Suggested Reading 168
22. Egypt 169
History 169
Jewish Records 173
Library of the Jewish Heritage in Egypt 174
Cemeteries 174
Egyptian Civil Records 175
Montefiore Censuses 175
Egyptian Diaspora 175
Non-Egyptian Sources 176
Jewish Communities in the Small Towns of Egypt 176
Internet Resources 176
Suggested Reading 177
23. Sudan 180
Jewish Archives 181
Sudan Jewish Cemetery 181
24. Turkey and the Ottoman Empire 182
Historical Synopsis 182
Modern Turkey 182
Ottoman Government 182
Sephardim in Turkey 183
Istanbul 185
Turkish Imperial Archives 186
Research Requirements 186
Turkish Script 187
Turkish Calendar 187
Genealogical Resources 188
Jewish Records 188
Ketubot (Marriage Contracts) 189
Cemeteries 189
Civil Records 190
Salname 190
Suggested Reading 190
25. The Balkans 193
Bulgaria 193
Genealogical Resources 195
Yugoslavia 195
Genealogical Resources 196
Salonica 197
Synagogues 198
Genealogical Resources 201
Suggested Reading 202
26. Italy 207
History 207
Research Strategies 209
Vital Records (Stato Civile) 210
Censuses (Censimenti) 211
Jewish Records 211
Notarial Records (Minute, Atti e Bastardelli Notarili) 212
Other Records (Passport Applications, Registers of Emigration, and
Passports (Registri dell'Emigrazione e Passaporti) 212
Italian Script 213
Websites 213
Suggested Reading 214
27. Holland 225
Records and Archives 225
Resources in The Netherlands 226
Civil Records: 226
Jewish Records 226
Internet 229
Israel 230
Suggested Reading 230
28. Iraq 231
History 231
Far-East Interlude 232
Genealogical Resources 232
Suggested Reading 233
29. Iran (Persia) . 234
Genealogical Resources 237
Suggested Reading 237
30. Syria 239
History 239
Genealogy 239
Suggested Reading 240
31. Caribbean 242
Curacao, St. Eustatatia and St. Martin 242
Jamaica 243
St. Croix, St. Thomas and Nevis 244
Suggested Reading 245
32. South America 248
Argentina 248
Brazil 249
Suggested Reading 251
33. United States 253
Genealogical Resources 254
Naturalization Records 255
Passenger Ship Records 256
Census Records 256
Jewish Records 256
Suggested Reading 258
PART IV INTERNET 259
Jewish Genealogy Websites 260
Sephardic Websites 260
Anusim or Crypto-Jews 262
Balkans, Turkey, Greece 262
Caribbean 263
Egypt 264
France 264
The Netherlands 264
Iraq and Syria 265
Israel 266
Italy 266
Mexico 266
Morocco 267
North Africa 267
South America 268
United States 268
Sephardic Family Pages 268
Gazetteers 270
People Search Pages 270
APPENDIXES 271
Appendix A. Etymology of Selected Sephardic Names 272
Appendix B. Arabic Alphabet 280
Appendix C. Sephardic Documents at the Central Archives for the History of the Jewish People 282
Appendix D. Sephardic Register and Record Books at the Jewish National and University Library 283
Appendix E. Genealogy Forms 284
Appendix F. Jewish Names in Printed Sources 289
Appendix G. Moslem Calendar 298
Appendix H. Ottoman Records in Israel State Archives and National Archives of Israel 299
Appendix I. Inquisitional Tribunals in Spain and Dates Instituted 306
Appendix J. Tombstone Inscriptions from Small Egyptian Towns 308
Port Said 308
Ismailia 309
Suez 309
Damanhour 310
Kafr El Zayat 311
Tantah 311
Appendix K. Surnames & Synagogue Affiliations in 16th-Century Salonica 313
Glossary 322
Bibliography 324
Index of Names 337
Index 358
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